[Ronhutton]

Recent papers on the benefits of curcumin.
Ron

Acta Neuropathol. 2008 Apr;115(4):479-89. Epub 2008 Jan 10. Links
Curcumin inhibits aggregation of alpha-synuclein.Pandey N, Strider J, Nolan WC, Yan SX, Galvin JE.
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Aggregation of amyloid-beta protein (Abeta) is a key pathogenic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Curcumin, a constituent of the Indian spice Turmeric is structurally similar to Congo Red and has been demonstrated to bind Abeta amyloid and prevent further oligomerization of Abeta monomers onto growing amyloid beta-sheets. Reasoning that oligomerization kinetics and mechanism of amyloid formation are similar in Parkinson's disease (PD) and AD, we investigated the effect of curcumin on alpha-synuclein (AS) protein aggregation. In vitro model of AS aggregation was developed by treatment of purified AS protein (wild-type) with 1 mM Fe3+ (Fenton reaction). It was observed that the addition of curcumin inhibited aggregation in a dose-dependent manner and increased AS solubility. The aggregation-inhibiting effect of curcumin was next investigated in cell culture utilizing catecholaminergic SH-SY5Y cell line. A model system was developed in which the red fluorescent protein (DsRed2) was fused with A53T mutant of AS and its aggregation examined under different concentrations of curcumin. To estimate aggregation in an unbiased manner, a protocol was developed in which the images were captured automatically through a high-throughput cell-based screening microscope. The obtained images were processed automatically for aggregates within a defined dimension of 1-6 microm. Greater than 32% decrease in mutant alpha-synuclein aggregation was observed within 48 h subsequent to curcumin addition. Our data suggest that curcumin inhibits AS oligomerization into higher molecular weight aggregates and therefore should be further explored as a potential therapeutic compound for PD and related disorders.

PMID: 18189141 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Free Radic Biol Med. 2008 Mar 1;44(5):907-17. Epub 2007 Dec 4. Links
Curcumin treatment alleviates the effects of glutathione depletion in vitro and in vivo: therapeutic implications for Parkinson's disease explained via in silico studies.Jagatha B, Mythri RB, Vali S, Bharath MM.
Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900 Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. An important biochemical feature of presymptomatic PD is a significant depletion of the thiol antioxidant glutathione (GSH) in these neurons resulting in oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ultimately cell death. We have earlier demonstrated that curcumin, a natural polyphenol obtained from turmeric, protects against peroxynitrite-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction both in vitro and in vivo. Here we report that treatment of dopaminergic neuronal cells and mice with curcumin restores depletion of GSH levels, protects against protein oxidation, and preserves mitochondrial complex I activity which normally is impaired due to GSH loss. Using systems biology and dynamic modeling we have explained the mechanism of curcumin action in a model of mitochondrial dysfunction linked to GSH metabolism that corroborates the major findings of our experimental work. These data suggest that curcumin has potential therapeutic value for neurodegenerative diseases involving GSH depletion-mediated oxidative stress.

PMID: 18166164 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

[lurkingforacure]

The headline:

Curcumin inhibits dose-dependently and time-dependently neuroglial cell proliferation and growth

and the link for the article with interesting photos:

http://www.nel.edu/pdf_/24_6/NEL2406...mbegaokar_.pdf

[lou_lou]

Curry powder is a mixture predominantly composed of turmeric root extract and other spices such as coriander and fenugreek.

Curcumin, a turmeric root extract, has been shown to possess activity in the treatment and prevention of cancer, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. The molecular mechanism for its anticancer effect is largely unknown, although it is thought to inhibit the synthesis of MDM2, an oncoprotein known to bind p53 and modulate p21 expression.

In the March 1 issue of Cancer Research, Li and colleagues from the Comprehensive Cancer Center of the University of Alabama report on a study designed to elucidate the molecular anticancer effect of curcumin in a preclinical prostate cancer model.

Using PC-3 human prostate cancer cell lines grown in vitro, curcumin was found to decrease the mRNA and protein expression of the oncoprotein MDM2 and to enhance the expression of tumor modulator p21. This translated into an induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation of PC-3 cells grown in culture.

A group of mice xenografts were also developed using the PC-3 cell-line. Curcumin was administered via an oral route to all mice (5 days per week for 4 weeks) except for the control group which only received cottonseed oil. Study groups (5 mice each) were divided as follows: (1) curcumin therapy alone, (2) gemcitabine alone intraperitoneally, (3) radiotherapy alone, and (4) control. Tumor mass was compared at the end of the study. Compared to the control, in all study groups curcumin was found to inhibit the growth of tumors in mice and to enhance the effects of both gemcitabine therapy and radiation therapy.

This well-performed study provides an elegant mechanistic explanation for the anticancer effect of curcumin, which appears to act in a p53 independent manner. These exciting data suggest that this dietary supplement should be studied in combination with traditional forms of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in tumors dependent on the MDM2 pathway.

Mao Li, Zhuo Zhang, Donald L. Hill, Hui Wang, and Ruiwen Zhang

Cancer Res. 2007 Mar 1:67(5): 1988-96.

By Ricardo Sanchez-Ortiz, MD

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Article URL: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/68491.php

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