…welcome to the board. To understand what the doctors are looking at go to Wikipedia and search on filum terminale and conus medullaris. You’ll get the general idea that the issue seems to be that they are seeing a condition that may or may not have anything to do with the present symptoms you are having. You have a fair amount of issues and I would recommend that since you are so young you try to understand as best as you can what is going on.
The nerves are definitely being aggravated but they don’t know whether it’s from the condition they are seeing on the MRI or a deterioration of your condition after surgery. Nerves are the real unknown for science and medicine. They know the physical construction of the body but how that system operates still baffles science. Particularly when there is pain involved.
If your quality of life has become so degraded they need to consider more aggressive pain management. The longer your pain goes on the more the pain cycle is established. The realization that you need help sadly can be slow in coming for doctors; if they are not doing what you think is necessary tell them.
Since your condition involves both an accident and potentially congenital issues please feel free to come here and talk with the people on this board. This is a wonderful place for help and support!
Hang in there