No, I don't think drinking one night caused permanent damage.

It did probably irritate it, cause it to flare that can last a few days. I certainly have had a melt down with eating carbs/sugar and paid the price for days afterwards with bad flares.

It could also simply be a flare and not caused by anything other than that is how pn is sometimes. There seems to be no rhyme or reason to flares, things I think will cause it sometimes does not then other times it flares and I have no idea why.