The biggest tragedy is in getting doctors to even recognize this, when it is so logical it's a no-brainer--if you cut out, or cut off access to, the absorptive surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract, or arrange it so that foodstuffs cannot stay in it long enough for full nutrition to be absorbed, of course deficiencies are likely.

And yet, too many gastric specialists have too little knowledge of vitamins and minerals, or nutrition in general--and let's not even talk about how little training in these areas other physicians (do not) receive.