The very short period of peak sound should not be a problem.

The intensity of the sound decreases at the inverse square of the distance. If the sound at 1 foot is 90 dB, at 3 feet, the sound will be 1/9th as intense. Put another way, for every doubling of the distance, the intensity of the sound decreases by 75%. dB values are not a straight line so you can not subtract 75% from 90 dB to get the sound at 2 feet.

Unless the sound is from the ball hitting your head, it should not be a problem. If you are sensitive to the sound, wear ear plugs. Some billiard players do.

Something to remember is this. The research suggests that the brain is tolerant of very high impact forces if those forces are for a very short period. The sound of billiard balls colliding lasts just milliseconds.