Usually occupational medicine doctors, nurses and staff would know about work place hazards. For instance we have several of those types of medical people on payroll where I work (EHS - Environment, Health & Safety). They understand things like radiation and chemical exposures. When I went to the ER for my trifluoroacetic acid chemical burn, they had one of these types on staff specially trained to handle acute situations where the compound is generally known.

My guess is that you want an environmental medicine doctor.