Thanks jeffreyn - the paper looks good to me (I have heard Chris Dobson talk at conferences; he has an excellent reputation).

One problem which will have to be solved before the camel nanobodies can be used therapeutically is that they are not human proteins. That means that the human immune system will make antibodies against them, which are likely to block their effects.

Before they can be used therapeutically they will have to be "humanised", which means taking the DNA which codes for the regions of them which recognise ɑ-synuclein (their CDRs) and putting them into a gene which codes for a human VH domain.

This should not be hard; many therapeutic mouse monoclonal antibodies have been humanised in this way.