The only placebo control I ever "heard" about DBS (not verified) was in Europe somewhere they "pretended" to turn on the stimulator. Don't quote me.

That is one of the biggest points about sham surgery - the one successful surgery we have requires "patient observation" - not just statistics.

Many of us would like to know exactly how much time would be saved or lost, to just give the treatment to everyone and then observe who it works for.

Scientists should have the burden of proof that the placebo effect can last as long as they claim it can. They claimed years with GDNF.

Paula