Once I finally figured out the color coding and relationship between the right columns and the left columns, it made sense. I have read many NeuroPsych Assessment reports and the CNS Vital Signs report requires a lot more effort and assumptions to understand.

The research points to the vascularization as the root cause of the improvements. The vascularization has been understood for decades. By vascularization, they mean growth of new capillaries. If there is a limit to increased capillary growth, it would suggest the grey and white matter would have the same limit.

Some studies suggest that the capillaries are part of the damage along with diffuse axonal injury.

If I remember correctly, the studies that used CNS Vital Signs were started in a VA hospital in Florida. Bay Pines I think. The study from a decade ago or so showed a minority of subjects experienced improvements. They could not understand why increased capillaries did not result in other improvements.