Hey worriedinNYC, a young neuropsych here. Although nobody can tell for sure, it really sounds like ptsd. There is a possibility that the headaches can be triggered by a physical stress response. Headaches often stem from overly tense muscles which can be triggered be stress. It's a fight/flight reaction of our body.

Do you sometimes have difficulting to come up with words during these episodes? Difficulty with that is a very common sign of ptsd. Scientist thinks that in times of psychological trauma our verbal memory shuts down. So in stead of verbalizing the trauma you start to feel it, relieve it. The trauma is stored in the sensorial parts of our memory.
Ptsd is nowadays seen as a problem in memory storage and can be often succesfully treated with certain techniques like eye movement desentization.

Toghetter with a psychologist you can explore why sounds trigger it. Why little bumps trigger it is more obvious, but the question lays in why sounds does that do. Finding out why isn't easy, but it's important to find the root of pstd.

My best of luck