Unexpectedly high incidence of visceral AA-amyloidosis in slaughtered cattle
in Japan
Authors: Kana Tojo a; Takahiko Tokuda a; Yoshinobu Hoshii b; Xiaoying Fu
c; Keiichi Higuchi c; Takane Matsui d; Fuyuki Kametani e; Dr Shu-Ichi
Ikeda a Affiliations: a Third Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School
of Medicine. Matsumoto. Japan
b First Department of Pathology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine.
Ube. Japan
c Department of Aging Biology, Institute on Aging and Adaptation, Shinshu
University, Graduate School of Medicine. Matsumoto. Japan
d Department of Pathobiological Science, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine. Obihiro. Japan
e Department of Molecular Biology, Tokyo Institute of Psychiatry. Tokyo.
Japan
DOI: 10.1080/13506120500107097
Publication Frequency: 4 issues per year
Published in: Amyloid, Volume 12, Issue 2 June 2005 , pages 103 - 108
Subjects: Biochemistry; Medicine;
Number of References: 30
Formats available: HTML (English) : PDF (English)
Previously published as: Amyloid: International Journal of Experimental &
Clinical Investigation (1350-6129) until 2004
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Abstract
Experimental mouse AA amyloidosis can be transmissible by dietary ingestion
of amyloid fibrils and it is well known that AA amyloidosis occasionally
develops in aged cattle. Bovine liver and intestine have conventionally been
used in Oriental foods, and the incidence of visceral AA amyloidosis in
slaughtered cattle was evaluated. Renal tissues from 302 aged cattle older
than 4 years were obtained from a local abattoir. Amyloid deposition was
microscopically examined and amyloid protein was immunochemically
determined. Renal amyloid deposition was seen in 15 out of 302 cattle with
no previous history of diseas, an incidence of 5.0%. Amyloid protein in
these cattle was AA and they had pathological findings in their visceral
organs on gross examination. The incidence of visceral AA amyloidosis in
slaughtered cattle in this study was disturbingly high compared with those
(0.4-2.7%) previously reported from Japan and other foreign countries. AA
amyloidosis is a life-threatening complication in patients with chronic
inflammatory diseases and these patients at risk should avoid ingesting food
that may possibly contain AA amyloid fibrils. More detailed information on
cattle amyloidosis is required to guarantee the safety of our food.
Keywords: Cattle amyloidosis; transmissible amyloidosis; reactive
amyloidosis; AA amyloidosis; chronic inflammation
view references (30)
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/con...all~order=page
Subject: Amyloidogenic potential of foie gras
Date: June 22, 2007 at 2:23 pm PST
http://lists.ifas.ufl.edu/cgi-bin/wa...anet-mg&P=9621
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Mortality in Japan, 1979-2004: Analysis of
National Death Certificate Data
Yuriko Doi1), Tetsuji Yokoyama2), Miyoshi Sakai2) and Yosikazu Nakamura3)
1) Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health.
2) Department of Technology Assessment and Biostatistics, National Institute
of Public Health.
3) Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University.
(Received: September 13, 2006)
(Accepted: March 18, 2007)
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Trend of the mortality rate of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)
in Japan is still unclear. This study aimed to estimate annual crude
mortality rates due to CJD and examine the CJD mortality trend in Japan
during the period of 1979-2004.
METHODS: National death certificate data on CJD were used (CJD coded as
046.1 for ICD-9 and A81.0 for ICD-10). Trends in age-standardized mortality
rates for CJD were examined by using time series analyses including the
joinpoint regression analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 1,966 deaths (862 males and 1,104 females) were
identified with CJD coded as the underlying-cause-of-death. The annual
number of deaths and crude mortality rates peaked in 2004 at 163 (66 for
males and 97 for females) deaths and 1.28 (1.06 for males and 1.48 for
females) deaths per million population per year, respectively. The
age-specific mortality rates rapidly increased with age between 50 and 74
years, especially among females, and sharply declined at 80+ years.
Throughout the observed period, there were no significant change points, and
the annual percentage changes (95% confidence intervals) were +3.09 (2.18 -
4.02) % for males and +3.90 (2.98-4.83) % and females. The total number of
CJD deaths under 50 years of age was 131, and there was found no increase in
the annual number of deaths for the past few years in this age group.
CONCLUSION: CJD mortality in trend data based on death certificates has
significantly increased in Japan during the period of 1979-2004.
J Epidemiol 2007; 17: 133-139.
Key words: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome; Regression Analysis; Mortality;
Death Certificate; Japan
snip...
AS demonstrated in this study, we found a significant linear increase in
trends for age standardized mortality rates from the disease, with +3-4% of
annual percentage change, between 1979 and 2004. In interpreting the
results, we should consider some factors that might contribute to a false
increase in mortality, such as the change of ICD codes and the enhancement
of case findings (e.g., physicians9 recognition of the disease, diagnostic
tests, and quality of health care). No revolutionary new diagnostic test for
CJD became available throughout the observational period. On the other hand,
there were a few critical points of time to consider: in 1991, patients with
CJD transmitted by cadaveric dura transplants were identified in Japan9, in
1995, the ICD code for CJD was changed from 9th to 10th version in Japan;
and in 1996, a new case of vCJD causally linked to BSE was reported from the
United Kingdom.6 Without an abrupt rise of age-standardized mortality rates
from CJD after these years for both sexes, however, it is unlikely that
these events artificially affected the increase in CJD mortality.
Rather, it may be the true fact that in Japan our results reflect to a large
extent a genuine increase in CJD. The number of iCJD cases may still
increase even after the total ban on the practice of causal grafts.5,8
Regarding sporadic CJD (sCJD), a recent report from the European Unions
collective study on CJD suggests that the mortality rates from sCJD
increased with time between 1993 and 2002.20 It is quite probable that this
temporal increase of sCJD may also exist in Japan. The increase may have
been accompanied to some extent by the improvement of physicians diagnostic
skills for CJD since 1997 when a manual for clinical practice on CJD was
introduced in our country.20,21
http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/...7_133/_article
http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jea/17/4/133/_pdf
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