I have had intermittent cognitive issues - couldn't concentrate - couldn't sleep as mind was whirling through every problem I'd ever encountered but that part seems to be past -I can concentrate and actually read a book - still can't spell anywhere near as well as I once did - used to be able to visualize the word in my head - 3 years of Latin helped too - takes me longer to do the budget -but all in all - I'm better then I was - so yes - it can and does improve -