J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008 Aug 21.
Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcal Infection: A Case-Control Study Among Privately Insured Children.
Leslie DL, Kozma L, Martin A, Landeros A, Katsovich L, King RA, Leckman JF.
Dr. Leslie is with the Department of Health Administration and Policy, Medical University of South Carolina; Ms. Kozma is with the Department of Chemistry, Yale University; and Drs. Martin, Landeros, King, and Leckman and Ms. Katsovich are with the Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine.
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OBJECTIVE:: To assess whether antecedent streptococcal infection(s) increase the risk of subsequent diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), Tourette syndrome (TS), other tic disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or major depressive disorder (MDD) in a national sample of privately insured children.
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PubMed Abstract
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CONCLUSIONS:: These findings provide epidemiologic evidence that some pediatric-onset neuropsychiatric disorders, including OCD, tic disorders, ADHD, and MDD, may be temporally related to prior streptococcal infections. Whether this is the result of a nonspecific stress response or secondary to an activation of the immune system remains to be determined.
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Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry:
October 2008 - Volume 47 - Issue 10 - pp 1166-1172
doi: 10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181825a3d
New Research