I have about 6 lesions in the CC Corpus Callosum and the biggest problem I have from them is word recall. I just cannot find the right word to express a lot of things.

see below absitacts

jackD


Cortex. 1991 Sep;27(3):441-5.

Anterior corpus callosum atrophy and verbal fluency in multiple sclerosis.

Pozzilli C, Bastianello S, Padovani A, Passafiume D, Millefiorini E, Bozzao L, Fieschi C.
SourceDepartment of Neurological Science, University of Rome La Sapienza.

Abstract
To determine whether different portions of the corpus callosum (CC) are responsible for transferring the information of specific cognitive modalities, eighteen females with relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis (MS) were studied using neuropsychological procedures and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Measures of both anterior and posterior CC areas were obtained in patients with MS as well as in eighteen age and sex matched healthy controls.

MRI scans were additionally analyzed for each patient in order to evaluate the extent of demyelinating lesions in both periventricular and subcortical areas.

Patients with MS exhibited a significant decrease in both the anterior and posterior CC areas compared with normal subjects.

The results of statistical analysis showed that, even when the effect of demyelinating lesions was taken into account within a regression equation, the atrophy of anterior CC area strongly affected the performance on verbal fluency task. These data emphasize the importance of the anterior CC area for the interhemispheric transfer of cognitive information associated with verbal fluency.

PMID: 1743039 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]


Lijec Vjesn. 2004 Jul-Aug;126(7-8):204-10.

[Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis patients].
[Article in Croatian]
Zivadinov R, Sepcić J.
SourceBuffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA.

Abstract
In addition to neurological symptoms, multiple sclerosis is characterized by cognitive function impairment.

Disturbances of memory, recall, information processing, visual-spacial perception, attention, and executive function, in less extent of speech, are present in about 60% of patients.

They are similar to disorders in other subcortical dementias. Once they appear, they rarely recede. Conventional, and especially nonconventional magnetic resonance imaging evaluates more precisely the tissue substrate--diffuse neuroaxonal lesion of the entire brain parenchyma--than clinical findings, already in the early stage of the disease. Alterations in the brain imaging are manifested by T2 hyperintensive and T1 hypointensive lesions, decreased neuronal marker N-acetyl-aspartate in magnetic spectroscopy, decreased magnetization transfer ratio, and increased diffusivity with reduced anisotropy in diffusion-weighted imaging.

Total volume of brain lesion, corpus callosum diameter, and relation of measures of brain chambers and the rest of the brain, are best indices of cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis.

Their diagnosis in the very beginning of the disease allows early application of therapeutic procedures.

Symptomatic treatment of these disorders is not efficient, and immunomodulation, particularly the use of biologic versions of interferon-beta, shows disputable effects. Cognitive dysfunctions affect relationships and working ability of patients.

PMID: 15754791 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]


Neuroimage. 2003 Jul;19(3):532-44.

Statistical mapping analysis of lesion location and neurological disability in multiple sclerosis: application to 452 patient data sets.

Charil A, Zijdenbos AP, Taylor J, Boelman C, Worsley KJ, Evans AC, Dagher A.
SourceMcConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.

Abstract
In multiple sclerosis (MS), the correlation between disability and the volume of white matter lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is usually weak. This may be because lesion location also influences the extent and type of functional disability. We applied an automatic lesion-detection algorithm to 452 MRI scans of patients with relapsing-remitting MS to identify the regions preferentially responsible for different types of clinical deficits.

Statistical parametric maps were generated by performing voxel-wise linear regressions between lesion probability and different clinical disability scores.

There was a clear distinction between lesion locations causing physical and cognitive disability. Lesion likelihood correlated with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) in the left internal capsule and in periventricular white matter mostly in the left hemisphere. Pyramidal deficits correlated with only one area in the left internal capsule that was also present in the EDSS correlation. Cognitive dysfunction correlated with lesion location at the grey-white junction of associative, limbic, and prefrontal cortex.

Coordination impairment correlated with areas in interhemispheric and pyramidal periventricular white matter tracts, and in the inferior and superior longitudinal fascicles.

Bowel and bladder scores correlated with lesions in the medial frontal lobes, cerebellum, insula, dorsal midbrain, and pons, areas known to be involved in the control of micturition.

This study demonstrates for the first time a relationship between the site of lesions and the type of disability in large scale MRI data set in MS.

PMID: 12880785 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]