The stabilized form of r-lipoic is very water soluble and for that reason I think it is probably more efficient than the old ALA...which is a mixture of R and S form. The S is supposed to be inactive but no one knows 100% for sure.
I think the estimate for r- lipoic stablized given on some sites, is that it is about 6x more efficient than the old ALA form.
The old form has a study reported on Linus Pauling Institute's website as needing empty stomach use.
If you search here... lipoic acid... you find all our discussions about it. The newest ones have the new stabilized information with links.
There is a link from the manufacturer on one of those threads on absorption.
But we are very busy here with a cat with cancer and getting ready for the trip to the boonies... and I just don't have time or energy to search it again.
The search link is in my signature on each post.
100mg a day is enough for most people.
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All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them.-- Galileo Galilei
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Weezie looking at petunias 8.25.2017
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