Oh, gosh....

I can only comment on two of your list.

1) nocturia comes when you have high blood pressure because during the day when you are about...the kidneys shut off.
When you lie down, then the kidneys start working again, and
make lots of urine. Also impaired glucose tolerance may be a factor as well. If you lie down at 2pm, do you urinate right after that? If so, that would be a clue.

2) High pressures as you describe really are dangerous, and are one sign of pheochromatosis. This is a tumor in the body that secrets epinephrine, usually after a stimulus of some kind.
The only treatment is to have it surgically removed.

There can also be disorders of the carotid bodies in the carotid arteries that control blood pressure. But I don't know much detail about them.

There are people with autonomic neuropathies. This may affect blood pressure and/or the heart. There are various tests for this and it is usually an autoimmune disease, or diabetes that causes it.