Technically, it is the INSULIN release that causes most of the problems. A large meal even if low in carbs, will also spike insulin.

When insulin goes really high, there is a drop suddenly after an hour or two. This is when the lows come in and the peripheral areas suffer.

Chemically what happens is what is going on in the complex fatty acid synthesis path. Insulin spikes, and then triggers the formation of inflammatory cytokines in the PGE2 series, and these are what cause the pain IMO.
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/106/16/2067.long

This is complex and hard to understand. It is explained by Dr. Sears PhD in his books about the Zone diet. Also this effect can be blunted by consuming adequate Omega-3s that we really need, and sometimes Fish oil or krill oil will also temper this response. By balancing carbs and protein at each meal, the uncomfortable effects are less. You can look up the Zone Diet online. The first book by Dr. Sears was Enter the Zone, and you can find that in libraries and on Amazon even in the used book section to save $$ if you want a copy. I think his first book was the most useful for me.