Pernicious anemia can result in spinal cord degeneration, neuropathy, dementia, loss of balance, atrophy of the stomach, immunoglobulin deficiencies, swelling of the tongue, anorexia, diarrhea, endocrine gland abnormalities and mild jaundice. The atrophic stomach changes can lead to the development of stomach cancer.

Because patients with a lack of intrinsic factor cannot absorb vitamin B12, they must be given intramuscular injections of this vitamin. The treatment is life-long, and clinical improvement occurs within the first several months of therapy. If treatment is not started immediately, the nervous system disorders may be irreversible. In addition, stoppage of treatment will lead to recurrence of symptoms.
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The intrinsic factor is vital for B12 absorption

The Intrinsic Factor Is Vital for B12 Absorption

Putting vitamin B12 to work in the body requires adequate supplies of the protein-based intrinsic factor

Like a temperamental opera prima donna, vitamin B12 (cobalamin) has to have conditions exactly to its liking or it won't perform.

Because it prevents pernicious anemia, degenerating nerves and mental disorders, cobalamin needs to be present in adequate quantities

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