...at least for me.
There are supplements and there are supplements and one can go quite mad and poor trying to take all of them that show promise. Plus, it gets downright awful to be taking pills and pills and pills.

But some of them do a lot of good and here are the best that I have tried. I suggest that newbies adopt a simple test to see if these or any others are worth taking. Stand on one foot as long as you can by making several attempts and then write down your time. Repeat on your other foot. This simple test gives you a baseline on half-a-dozen PD parameters. After trying a new supplement or therapy, repeat the testing. While it won't tell you much about longterm benefits, it helps tremendously with benefits to daily function.

In my case the following pair TRIPLED my times in one week and there is some good research to back them up.

Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) and Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALC) work both together and seperately to address some core problems of PD. Inflammation, oxidation, and mitochondrial problems are very destructive processes at work in PWP.

ALA is one of the most important anti-oxidants around for two reasons. It crosses the blood brain barrier for one. And it not only neutralizes the free radicals that damage nerve tissues, it also is critical to recycling other anti-oxidants like Vit E and Vit C.

ALC has at least two things going for it. It boosts mitochondrial function for one. Secondly and even more interestingly, it increases the diameter of remaining neurons and makes them more efficient and able to partly compensate for the ones lost.

The third and final part of the team is green tea extract. it has many benefits but one stands out for PWP. One of the things that kills our neurons is an over-reaction of our brain's immune system. The defenders are a cell-type called the microglia. In PD, when microglia are "activated" they just don't know when to quit and destroy neurons around themselves. The substantia nigra has the greatest microglial density in the brain. Green tea's ingredients calm down the microglial reaction and stop the slaughter.

From: Altern Med Rev. 2006 Sept;11(3):232-237.

Alpha-lipoic acid- Monograph.

[No authors listed]

Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA - also known as thioctic acid) was discovered in 1951 as
a molecule that assists in acyl-group transfer and as a coenzyme in the Krebs
cycle. In the 1980s, the scientific community realized alpha-lipoic acid is a
powerful antioxidant. Several qualities distinguish alpha-lipoic acid from other
antioxidants: ALA can be synthesized by animals and humans; it neutralizes free
radicals in both the fatty and watery regions of cells, in contrast to vitamin C
(water soluble) and vitamin E (fat soluble); and, ALA functions as an
antioxidant in both its reduced and oxidized forms.

Mechanisms of Action
Alpha-lipoic acid is a potent antioxidant in both fat- and water-soluble mediums. Furthermore, its antioxi-
dant activity extends to both its oxidized and reduced forms. DHLA is capable of directly regenerating ascorbic
acid from dehydroascorbic acid and indirectly regenerating vitamin E. Researchers have also found ALA increases
intracellular glutathione and coenzyme Q levels.
Alpha-lipoic acid appears capable of chelating certain metals. It forms stable complexes with copper, man-
ganese, and zinc. In animal studies, it has been found to protect against arsenic poisoning, and, in both animal
and in vitro studies, ALA reduced cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity. In vitro, ALA chelated mercury from renal
slices.



1: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2003 Nov;58(11):970-4.

Carnitine: a neuromodulator in aged rats.

Juliet PA, Balasubramaniam D, Balasubramaniam N, Panneerselvam C.

Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.

A wide range of morphological and biochemical changes occur in the central
nervous system with increasing age. L-carnitine, a naturally occurring compound,
plays a vital role in fatty acid transport across the mitochondrial membrane.
L-carnitine (300 mg/kg body wt/day) was administered intraperitoneally to young
and old male Wistar rats for 7, 14, and 21 days. Carnitine, dopamine,
epinephrine, and serotonin levels were assayed in discrete regions of the brain.
Carnitine supplementation increased the levels of dopamine, epinephrine, and
serotonin in the experimental animals in our study. Response to carnitine
supplementation varied among the brain regions that have been studied. The
regions rich in cholinergic neurons such as the cortex, hippocampus, and
striatum showed more response after 21 days of carnitine treatment. The results
of the present study suggest the role of L-carnitine as a neuromodulator and
antiaging medication.

PMID: 14630876 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

how much al do you take?

whoops!
my neuologist prescribes iv glutathione for symptom reduction, neuro-protection of my pd. there is a published paper on this therapy, the experiment was conducted in italy. there is another study bbeing conducted in, i believe, miami fl, that should be published any time. i will try to find the italian study and then i,ll ask for help to post it here.

has anyone tried intermittant fasting?

Dr, Lieberman's theoretical basis, at:

http://www.parkinsonresearchfoundati...349&Itemid=104

http://www.parkinsonresearchfoundati...d=79&Itemid=95

http://www.parkinsonresearchfoundati...=219&Itemid=83

examples of active exercise:

Cycling: Inevergiveup.org, tandem bycicling, static byke.

Examples of passive exercise:
As mentioned by Dr. Lieberman: acceleration therapeutics, EECP,and found elsewhere, blood modulation therapy.

Thanks for this thread. I would like to add some material on simple things you can do to help brain repair.
1. Get a test for Helicobacter pylori and if positive get it eradicated asap. During eradication and after use probiotics (Bifidus and lactobacillus) to lessen the side effects of the antibiotic.
2. Take Ascorbyl palmitate. This is a fat soluble version of Vitamin C and is eight times more effective at reaching brain than standard Vit C.
I have done a study of the wide effects of H pylori and attach it here. Sorry for all the references but all the claims in it are backed up.
A review of Helicobacter pylori and what it may do to you

There should be great concern about the gap in time between research findings and the practical medical use of them in the treatment of patients. (A)

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori, a common stomach bacterium,
can greatly reduce your chances of suffering these diseases or in some cases, reduce the symptoms already noticed:
gastritis/ dyspepsia ( 1, 4 )
gastric / duodenal ulcer ( 2, 3, 4 )
gastric cancer ( 3, 4, 5, 6,7 )
high blood pressure ( 8, 9, 10, 11 )
resolution of Syndrome X (heart and chest pain) ( 12 )
altered lipid metabolism leads to obesity, heart attack and stroke (13, 14, 15 )
iron deficiency anaemia ( 16, 17 )
abnormal blood counts (neutrophils and monocytes) ( 18, 19)
neurological damage such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, MS, ME, optic nerve damage leading to blindness due to Vitamin B12 deficiency (20, 21, 22, 23 )
chronic sub-clinical vitamin deficiency of A, B6, B12, C, E (24,25,26,27,28,29 )
skin conditions such as itchy, flaky, hard skin ( 30, 31 )
rheumatoid arthritis ( 32 )
chronic cholecystitis ( 33 )
glaucoma ( 34, 35 )
insulin resistance ( 36 )
macular degeneration leading to blindness ( 37 )
periodontal disease, tooth loss, reservoir of Hp infection in mouth (38, 39, 40)
some sexually acquired infections of nipples, vulva (41 )

These are the subjects of a large number of peer-reviewed articles in learned journals over many years. ( reference list in numerical order is attached)
Now it is time to do something about it.
ALL medical and gastroenterology surgical patients should be tested for helicobacter species ( 42 ) and appropriate eradication commenced as a matter of routine using antibiotics if required. This should be in addition to dietary supplementation with probiotics, omega-3 oils and / or fish oils and supplements of Vitamins A, B6, B12 and E.
Together with these there are two food additives both widely used in the processed food industry and therefore already of proven safety for human consumption.
One of these, 6-O-palmitoyl-l-ascorbate, (E 304), is a fat-soluble variant of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid). It is already in use in anti-wrinkle creams, infant formula milk, beefburgers and is used by bodybuilders to add collagen to their intestinal and over-developed muscles. It also has the effect of reducing the formation of new blood vessels.
It is known to eradicate Helicobacter at least as efficiently as antibiotics, is a powerful anti-oxidant and can provide a source of ascorbate to replace the Vitamin C lost to the Helicobacter infestation. Ascorbate is essential for tissue repair and this lack of repair in subclinical chronic Vitamin C deficiency accounts for many of the disease effects listed above. It also provides a source of palmitoyl useful in the repair process. Concentrations of this Vitamin C ester are found up to 10 times that of 'ordinary' Vitamin C in the brain. The suggested daily intake of this powder is 250mg and it is intended to investigate the supply of suitable tablets or capsules as soon as possible in order to make this useful stuff available in the UK. A daily intake will cost about 10 pence. ( 43, 44, 45 )

The second additive is a modified form of fructose sold as Trehalose (trade name Ascend™) made by Cargill Inc. It acts as a fructose replacement and has been shown to assist with the unfolding of misfolded proteins such as those in Lewy bodies and amyloid plaques. It is in use by some Huntington's patients as a delaying measure and is taken in a dose of 10 –30 grams three times a day. It is available in 1350 Gram (3 pound) packs from the USA @ about Ł25 per pack including postage.The suggested daily intake is 30gm costing about 48pence ( 46, 47 )

Combination of these measures with the use of probiotics such as Danone Fruit Layer™ yoghurt and Actimel ™ lactobacillus drink and Omega-3 oils or alternative fish or plant oils can make significant positive differences to Parkinson's and the other diseases listed. They enable self-repair to take place using the body's own naturally occurring stem cells or cell repair mechanisms. Taken before hospital admission for surgery there could be a significant reduction in recovery time.


The use of Lactulose (prescribed by your GP) gives a further boost to the eradication of Helicobacter and assists with the reduction of the constipation so often a dreaded complication of Parkinsons.

By eradicating Helicobacter you will reduce the amount of antigen to it which circulates in your blood and which has been suggested as the cause of death of sensitive long-axon nerve cells possibly because it stimulates platelet activity. ( 48 )

All these measures are safe and proven to be useful but it must be remembered that your neurological condition may have taken years to develop so expect results in months rather than days.

















References re Helicobacter pylori eradication and food additives

A. The Translation of Helicobacter pylori Basic Research to Patient Care
Peter B. Ernst, David A Peura and Sheila E. Crowe
Gastroenterology Volume 130, Issue 1, January 2006, Pages 188 - 206

1. The bidirectional communication between neurons and mast cells within the gastrointestinal tract
Luc Van Nassauw, Dirk Adriaensen and Jean-Pierre Timmermans
Autonomic Neuroscience doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2006.10.003

2. Critical role of an endogenous gastric peroxidase in controlling oxidative damage in H. pylori-mediated and non-mediated gastric ulcer
Mrinalini Bhattacharjee, Samir Bhattacharjee, Arnab Gupta and Ranajit K. Banerjee
Free Radical Biology and Medicine Volume 32, Issue 8, 15 April 2002, pages 731 – 743

3. Helicobacter pylori infection, not gastroesophageal reflux, is the major cause of inflammation and intestinal metaplasia of gastric cardiac mucosa
John R. Goldblum M.D., Joel E. Richter M.D., Michael Vaezi M.D., Gary W. Falk M.D., Thomas W. Rice M.D. and Richard M. Peek M.D.
The American Journal of Gastroenterology Volume 97, Issue 2, February 2002, pages 302 – 311

4. Serum and plasma concentration of oxidant and antioxidants in patients of Helicobacter pylori gastritis and its correlation with gastric cancer
Shruti S. Khanzode, Suchet D. Khanzode and Ganesh N. Dakhale
Cancer Letters Volume 195, Issue 1, 30 May 2003, pages 27 – 31

5. Carcinogenic role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha inducing protein of Helicobacter pylori in human stomach
Suganuma, Masami; Kuzuhara, Takashi; Yamaguchi, Kensai; Fujiki, Hirota
Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 39, Issue 1, January 31, 2006, Pages 1 – 8
6. Will eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection influence the risk of gastric cancer?
Richard H. Hunt FRCP, FRCP(C), FACG
American Journal of Medicine Supplement Volume 117, Issue 5, Supplement 1, 6 September 2004, pages 86 – 91

7. Can gastric cancer be prevented by Helicobacter pylori eradication?
Peter Malfertheiner, Professor, Lucia C Fry, Consultant and Klaus Munkenuller, Consultant
Best Practice and Research Clinical Gastroenterology Volume 20, Issue 4, 2006, pages 709 – 719

8. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection improves blood pressure values in patients affected by hypertension
Migneco, Alessio; Ojetti, Veronica; Specchia, Lucia; Franceschi, Francesco; Candelli, Marcello; Mettimano, Marco; Montebelli, Rita; Savi, Luigi; Gasbarrini, Giovanni
Helicobacter Volume 8, Issue 6, December 2003, pages 585 – 589

9. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in coronary artery disease and effect of its eradication on coronary lumen reduction after percutaneous coronary angioplasty
Kowalski M.; Konturek P.C.; Pieniazek P.; Karczewska E.; Kluczka A.; Grove R.; Kranig W.; Nasseri R.; Thale J.; Hahn E.G.; Konturek S.J.
Digestive and Liver Disease Volume 33, Issue 3, 2001, Pages 222 – 229

10. A link between Helicobacter pylori and/or Chlamydia spp. infections and atherosclerosis
Magdalena Chmiela, Magdalena Kowalewicz-Kulbat, Anita Miszczak, Monika Wisniewska, Tomas Rechcinski, Katarzyna Kolodziej, Jaroslaw Kasprzak, Torkel Wadstrom and Wieslawa Rudnicka
FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology Volume 36, Issue 3, 25 May 2003, pages 187 – 192

11. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in coronary artery disease: influence of H. pylori eradication on coronary artery lumen after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. The detection of H. pylori specific DNA in human coronary atherosclerotic plaque
Kowalski, M
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology: An Official Journal of the Polish Physiological Society Volume 52, Issue 1, Supplement 1, August 2001, pages 3 – 31

12. Resolution of Syndrome X after eradication of virulent CagA-positive Helicobacter pylori
Nocente, R; Gentiloni, N; Cremonini, F; Giorgi, A; Serricchio, M; Santoliquido, A; Gasbarrini, G; Gasbarrini, A
Southern Medical Journal Volume 93, Issue 10, October 2000, pages 1022 – 1023

13. Helicobacter pylori is associated with modified lipid profile: impact on lipoprotein(a)
G. Chimienti, F. Russo, B. L. Lamanuzzi, M. Nardulli, C. Messa, A. Di Leo, M. Correale, V. Gianuzzi and G. Pepe
Clinical Biochemistry Volume 36, Issue 5, July 2003, pages 359 – 365

14. Does eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection help normalise serum lipid and CRP levels?
Kanbay M.; Gur G.; Yucel M.; Yilmaz U.; Boyacioglu S.
Digestive Diseases and Sciences Volume 50, Issue 7, 2005, Pages 1228 – 1231

15. Association between chronic Helicobacter pylori infection and acute ischemic stroke: Fukuoka Harasanshin Atherosclerosis Trial (FHAT)
Yasunori Sawayama, Iwao Ariyama, Maki Hamada, Shigeru Otaguro, Takao Machi, Yuji Taira and Jun Hayashi
Atherosclerosis Volume 178, Issue 2, February 2005, Pages 303 – 309

16. A hematologist's view of unexplained iron deficiency anemia in males: Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication
Chaim Hershko, Mara Ianculovich and Moshe Souroujou
Blood Cells, Molecules and Diseases doi 10.1016/j.bcmd.2006.09.006

17. The clinical importance of hypochlorhydria (a consequence of chronic Helicobacter infection): Its possible etiological role in mineral and amino acid malabsorption, depression, and other syndromes
R. E. Cater 11
Medical Hypotheses Volume 39, Issue 4, December 1992, Pages 375 – 383

18. Helicobacter pylori eradication decreases blood neutrophil and monocyte counts
Kondo Y.; Joh T.; Sasaki M.; Oshima T.; Itoh K.; Tanida S.; Kataoka H.; Ohara H.; Nomura T.; Itoh M.
Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Supplement Volume 20, Issue1, 2004, pages 74 – 79

19. Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura – A randomised controlled trial
Suzuki T.; Matsushima M.; Masui A.; Watanabe K.-L; Takagi A.; Ogawa Y.; Shirai T.; Mine T.
American Journal of Gastroenterology Volume 100, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 1265 – 1270

20. Alzheimer's disease and Helicobacter pylori infection: Defective immune regulation and apoptosis as proposed common links
Jannis Kountouras, Emmanuel Gavalas, Christos Zavos, Christos Stergiopoulos, Dimitrios Chatzopolous, Nikolaos Kapetanakis and Dimitrios Gisakis
Medical Hypotheses Volume 68, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 378 – 388




21. Role of inflammation in gastrointestinal tract in aetiology and pathogenesis of idiopathic parkinsonism
Clive Weller, Norman Oxlade, Sylvia M. Dobbs, R. John Dobbs, Andre Charlett and Ingvar T. Bjarnason
FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology Volume 44, Issue 2, 1 May 2005, pp 129-135

22. Link between Helicobacter pylori infection and idiopathic parkinsonism
S.M. Dobbs, R.J. Dobbs, C. Weller and A. Charlett
Medical Hypotheses Volume 55, Issue 2, August 2000, pp93-98

23. Epidemic Optic and Peripheral Neuropathy in Cuba: A Unique Geopolitical Public Health Problem
Thomas R. Hedges 111, MD, Michio Hirano, MD, Katherine Tucker, PHD, and Benjamin Caballero, MD, PHD
Survey of Ophthalmology Volume 41, Number 4, January-February 1997

24. Plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins C and E are decreased in vascular parkinsonism
George P. Paraskevas, Elizabeth Kapaki, Olga Petropolou, Maria Anagnostouli, Vasileious Vagenas and Constantine Papageorgiou
Journal of The Neurological Sciences Volume 215, Issues 1-2, 15 November 2003, pages 51 – 55

25. Influence of gastric juice pH on the metabolism of vitamin C in gastric mucosa and juice
Safranow K, Korzonek M, Dziedziejko V, Jacubowska K, Sulzyc-Bielicka V, Domanski L, Ciechanowski K, Chlubek D.
Pol Merkur Lekarski, 2006 Feb; 20(116);168 –172

26. Relationship of Helicobacter pylori CagA(+) status to gastric juice vitamin C levels
Rokkas T.; Liatsos C.; Petridou E.; Karameris A.; Ladas S.D.; Raptis S.A.
European Journal of Clinical Investigation Volume 29, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 56-62
27. Omeprazole and dietary nitrate independently affect levels of Vitamin C and nitrite in gastric juice
Craig Mowat, Andrew Carswell, Angela Wirz and Kenneth E. L. McColl
Gastroenterology Volume 116, Issue 4, Pages 813 – 822

28. Investigation of Helicobacter pylori ascorbic acid oxidating activity
Lars Odum and Leif P. Andersen
FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology Volume 10, Issues 3-4, February 1995, Pages 289 – 294

29. Vitamin B12, demyelination, remyelination and repair in multiple sclerosis
Ariel Miller, Maya Korem, Ronit Almog and Yanina Galboiz
Journal of the Neurological Sciences Volume 233, Issues 1-2, 15 June 2005, Pages 93 – 97

30. Tumor initiating activity of Helicobacter pylori water extract on mouse skin carcinogenesis
Takeshi Ishikawa, Norimasa Yoshida, Harukuni Tokada, Eiichiro Ichiishi, Masashi Kuchide, Satoshi Kokura, Yuji Naito, Shinya Toyokuni, Hoyoko Nishino and Toshikazu Yoshikawa
Cancer Letters Volume 191, Issue 1, 28 February 2003, Pages 41 – 47

31. Therapeutic effects of the antibacterial treatment on intractable skin diseases in Helicobacter pylori-positive patients
Mikihisa Sakurane, Matsunaka Masahiro, Koji Uede, Akiko Shiotani, Shingo Nishioka
Department of Dermatology; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Japan (Poster Display P249)

32. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori may reduce disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis
Zentillin, P; Seriolo, B; Dulbecco, P; Caratto, E; Iiritano, E; Fasciolo, D; Bilardi, C; Mansi, C; Testa, E; Savarino, V
Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics Volume 16, Issue 7, July 2002, Pages 1291 – 1299
33. Helicobacter pylori and other Helicobacter species in gallbladder and liver of patients with chronic cholecystitis detected by immunological and molecular methods
Apostolov E.; Abu Al-Soud W.; Nilsson I.; Kornilovska I.; Usenko V.; Lyzogubov V.; Gaydar Y.; Wadstrom T.; Ljungh A.
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology Volume 40, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 96 – 102

34. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori may be beneficial in the management of chronic open-angle glaucoma
Kountouras J.; Mylopoulos N.; Chatzopoulos D.; Zavos C.; Boura P.; Konstas A.G.P.; Venizelos J.
Archives of Internal Medicine Volume 162, Issue 11, 10 June 2002, Pages 1237 – 1244

35. Induction of apoptosis as a proposed pathophysiological link between glaucoma and Helicobacter pylori infection
Jannis Kountouras, Christos Zavos and Dimitrios Chatzopoulos
Medical Hypotheses Volume 62, Issue 3, March 2004, Pages 378 – 381

36. The effect of Helicobacter pylori on insulin resistance
Aydemir S.; Bayraktaroglu T.; Sert M.; Sokmen C.; Atmaca H.; Mungan G.; Gun B.D.; Borazan A.; Ustundag Y.
Digestive Diseases and Sciences Volume 50, Issue 11, 2005, Pages 2090 – 2093

37. Association of Helicobacter pylori with central serous chorioretinopathy: hypotheses regarding pathogenesis
Christiano Giusti
Medical Hypotheses Volume 63, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 524 – 527

38. Are dental plaque, poor oral hygiene, and periodontal disease associated with Helicobacter pylori infection?
Anand P.S.; Nandakumar K.; Shenoy K.T.
Journal of Periodontology Volume 77, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 692 – 698
39. Expression cloning of a periodontitis-associated apoptotic effector, cagE homologue, in Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
Yen-Tung A. Teng, and Wenqui Hu
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications Volume 303, Issue 4, 18 April 2003, Pages 1086 – 1094

40. Persistence of Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity after systemic eradication therapy
Gebara E.C.E.; Faria C.M.; Pannuti C.; Chehter L.; Mayer M.P.A.; Lima L.A.;
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Volume 33, Issue 5, May 2006, Pages 329-333

41. Some fibrocystic breast change may be caused by sexually transmitted H. pylori during oral nipple contact: Supporting literature and case report of resolution after gut H. pylori eradication treatment
R.E.Kast
Medical Hypotheses doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2006.09.050 (article in press)

42. Helicobacter pylori "Test and Treat" or Endoscopy for Managing Dyspepsia: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis
Alexander C. Ford, Michelle Qume, Paul Moayyedi, Nicolas L.A. Arents, Annmarie T. Lassen, Richard F.A. Logan, Kenneth E.I. McColl, Paul Myres and Brendan C. Delaney
Gastroenterology Volume 128, Issue 7, June 2005, Pages 1838 – 1844

43. Palmitoyl ascorbate: Selective augmentation of procollagen mRNA expression compared with L-ascorbate in human intestinal smooth muscle cells
Rosenblat G.; Willey A.; Zhu Y.-N.; Jonas A.; Diegelmann R.F.; Neeman I.; Graham M.F.
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry Volume 73, Issue 3, 15 May 1999, Pages 312 - 320



44. Diverse effects of ascorbic acid and palmitoyl ascorbate on Helicobacter pylori survival and growth
M.Tabak, R.Armon, G. Rosenblat, E. Stermer and I. Neeman
FEMS Microbiology Letters Volume 224, Issue 2, 29 July 2003, Pages 247-253

45. Ascorbyl Palmitate as a Carrier of Ascorbate into Neural Tissues
Mieczyslaw Pokorski, Magdalena Marczak, Aneta Dymecka, Piotr Suchocki
Journal of Biomedical Science Volume 10, Issue 2, 2003

46. Multiple Effects of Trehalose on Protein Folding In Vitro and In Vivo
Mike A. Singer and Susan Lindquist
Molecular Cell Volume1, Issue 5, April 1998, Pages 639 – 648

47. Aggregation mechanism of polyglutamine diseases revealed using quantum chemical calculations, fragment molecular orbital calculations, molecular dynamics simulations, and binding free energy calculations
Koki Tsukamoto, Hideaki Shimizu, Takashi Ishida, Yutaka Akiyama and Noboyuki Nukina
Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM Volume 778, Issues 1-3, 11 December 2006, Pages 85 – 95

48. Cholesterol synthesis inhibitors protect against platelet-activating factor-induced neuronal damage
Clive Bate, Louis Rumbold and Alun Williams
Journal of Neuroinflammation Volume 4, Issue5, 18 January 2007


References 21, 22 are relevant to PD.

I totally agree regarding the value of exercise.
It definitely helps me feel less symptomatic and I wish I'd started it sooner.
Couldn't access the websites you mentioned though.
Like to know what EECP and blood modulation therapy is if you have time to reply.
Thanks,
Lee

tested all three links and they all opened fine.

As regards the other options mentioned:

oogle)eecp = enhanced external counterpulsation, a cardiac therapy which proved to improve pd symptoms:



(Google)Acceleration therapeutics = back and forth moving bed

(Google)Blood modulation therapy -BPM- = See-saw moving bed

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?scri...lng=en&nrm=iso

High doses of riboflavin and the elimination of dietary red meat promote the recovery of some motor functions in Parkinson's disease patient

Abstract
Introduction
Patients and Methods
Results
Discussion
References
Acknowledgments
Correspondence and Footnotes

Abstract

Abnormal riboflavin status in the absence of a dietary deficiency was detected in 31 consecutive outpatients with Parkinson's disease (PD), while the classical determinants of homocysteine levels (B6, folic acid, and B12) were usually within normal limits. In contrast, only 3 of 10 consecutive outpatients with dementia without previous stroke had abnormal riboflavin status. The data for 12 patients who did not complete 6 months of therapy or did not comply with the proposed treatment paradigm were excluded from analysis. Nineteen PD patients (8 males and 11 females, mean age ± SD = 66.2 ± 8.6 years; 3, 3, 2, 5, and 6 patients in Hoehn and Yahr stages I to V) received riboflavin orally (30 mg every 8 h) plus their usual symptomatic medications and all red meat was eliminated from their diet. After 1 month the riboflavin status of the patients was normalized from 106.4 ± 34.9 to 179.2 ± 23 ng/ml (N = 9). Motor capacity was measured by a modification of the scoring system of Hoehn and Yahr, which reports motor capacity as percent. All 19 patients who completed 6 months of treatment showed improved motor capacity during the first three months and most reached a plateau while 5/19 continued to improve in the 3- to 6-month interval. Their average motor capacity increased from 44 to 71% after 6 months, increasing significantly every month compared with their own pretreatment status (P < 0.001, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Discontinuation of riboflavin for several days did not impair motor capacity and yellowish urine was the only side effect observed. The data show that the proposed treatment improves the clinical condition of PD patients. Riboflavin-sensitive mechanisms involved in PD may include glutathione depletion, cumulative mitochondrial DNA mutations, disturbed mitochondrial protein complexes, and abnormal iron metabolism. More studies are required to identify the mechanisms involved.

http://www.werththerapie.de/en/hintergruende.html

On these pages we inform you about an alternative treatment of Parkinson’s disease and the physiological background of peripheral stimulation of the brain.

http://www.werththerapie.de/en/player.html

Hello,
I'm new to this group, not sure if I'm doing this posting right, anyway here it goes.
"Brain Gym" I've been practicing it for about 4 years now. I don't do it every day, and it only takes about 15 minutes, but their's lots of different exercises so you can, so do as many as you like and do different ones each time.
When I lived in Calgary, I belonged to the young onset pd group. Once of the facilitators put together a course on "Brain Gym". She told us that pd'ers practicing this have shown improvements. I don't remember where she got the following info, but it really sounded interesting: "By practicing Brain Gym, you will stimulate new areas of the brain to create dopamine" Sounds good enough for me, so I signed up for the course.

So what is "Brain Gym"
Info taken from: brainworksnaturally.com
Brain Gym® consists of various combinations of 26 targeted movements. It grew out of clinical studies started in 1969 by Paul Dennison. In the more than thirty years since, research has shown that application of Brain Gym® provides significant improvement in concentration, memory, reading, organization skills, language and number skills, writing, speaking, athletic performance and more. It is used worldwide in more than 90 countries, in 40 different languages. In 1989, in response to "The Nation At Risk" study, The National Learning Foundation selected Brain Gym® as a recommended learning strategy, and continued to rate it highly throughout the 1990’s.

Who Benefits ?
Students with special needs, ADD, ADHD, autism, dyslexia, patients with Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease, and people with learning disorders have all shown improvement using brain gym. Change may be remarkably immediate or take place in a period of days or weeks, according to the extent of the problem, but profound differences are usually noticed by the clients themselves. Check into research studies for more information.
Anyone who wants to think better, clearer and faster can benefit. Academic, physical and personal goals are met using Brain Gym®. No matter what your age, it is never too late to activate! Learn simple ways to energize, meet challenges and optimize learning potential.

The best book I found on "Brain Gym" is called:
Brain Gym for Business by Gail & Paul Dennison
cost around $18.00 at Amazon.com
I couldn't find a book that specificallly for pd'ers

These exercises are fun and easy to do.
They are mostly cross-overs. Like an infant learning how to crawl, this is a cross over. You will be working both sides of the brain, creating new or strengthing the links between them.
These exercises will improve your balance, concentration, problem solving, handwriting, reading, speaking, memory, writing skills, focus, improves posture, releases stress, etc.

Here is an example of one of these exercises.
Called: "The Cross Crawl"
Taken from: Brain Gym for Business by Gail & Paul Dennison
You will need to be standing. Start by marching in place, alternate touching each hand to the opposite knee. Continue during the course of 4 to 8 complete, relaxed breaths. A variation of this movement can be done sitting down.
The Cross Crawl activates both brain hemispheres simultaneously. It engages the brain for coordinating visual, auditory, and kinesthetic abilities, thus improving such skills as lisitening, reading writing and memory.

I've had pd for 7 years now, and something I'm doing has dramatically slowed down the progression. As the months go by, I've been getting better, maybe "Brain Gym" has something to do with it. Who knows. It couldn't hurt. I'm also taking mucuna. Been taking it for over a year now with excellent results.

Sincerely.
Max