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12-27-2016, 10:04 AM | #1 | ||
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New details learned about a key cellular protein could lead to treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's, Huntington's, Alzheimer's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In a new study, researchers in the laboratory of Steven Finkbeiner, MD, PhD, at the Gladstone Institutes used a different protein, Nrf2, to restore levels of the disease-causing proteins to a normal, healthy range, thereby preventing cell death.
The researchers tested Nrf2 in two models of Parkinson's disease: cells with mutations in the proteins LRRK2 and α-synuclein. By activating Nrf2, the researchers turned on several "house-cleaning" mechanisms in the cell to remove excess LRRK2 and α-synuclein."Nrf2 coordinates a whole program of gene expression, but we didn't know how important it was for regulating protein levels until now" Single protein may hold secret to treating Parkinson's disease and more | EurekAlert! Science News |
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12-28-2016, 10:55 AM | #2 | |||
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12-28-2016, 11:33 AM | #3 | ||
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Berberine activates Nrf2 nuclear translocation and inhibits apoptosis induced by high glucose in renal tubular epithelial cells through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-dependent mechanism. Berberine activates Nrf2 nuclear translocation and inhibits apoptosis induced by high glucose in renal tubular epithelial cells through a phosphati... - PubMed - NCBI See also: Berberine activates Nrf2 nuclear translocation and protects against oxidative damage via a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-dependent mechanism in NSC34 motor neuron-like cells. Abstract Berberine (BBR) is a well-known anti-diabetic herbal medicine in Asia due to its beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism and glycolysis. Here, we identified the critical role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt involved BBR cellular defense mechanisms and first revealed the novel effect of BBR on nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-related factor-2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase (HO)-1 induction in NSC34 motor neuron-like cells. BBR (0.1-10 nM) led to increasing insulin receptor expression, Akt phosphorylation and enhanced oxidant-sensitive Nrf2/HO-1 induction, which were blocked by a PI3K inhibitor, LY294002. In H(2)O(2)-treated cells, BBR significantly attenuated ROS production and increased cell viability, antioxidant defense (GSH and SOD) and oxidant-sensitive proteins (HO-1 and Nrf2), which also were blocked by LY294002. Furthermore, BBR improved mitochondrial function by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential and decreasing the oxygen consumption rate. BBR-induced anti-apoptotic function was demonstrated by increasing anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and survival of motor neuron protein (SMN) and by decreasing apoptotic proteins (cytochrome c, Bax and caspase). These results suggest that BBR, which is active at nanomolar concentration, is a potential neuroprotective agent via PI3K/Akt-dependent cytoprotective and antioxidant pathways. Berberine activates Nrf2 nuclear translocation and protects against oxidative damage via a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-dependent mechanism in... - PubMed - NCBI |
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