I actually had a neuro, years ago, tell me that someone who doesnt have MS and takes the dmd's would get very sick. Liver damage, heart disease, etc. Not sure how accurate it is for just those without MS, as I recall when I was on beta 10yrs ago, there was always a concern about my liver. I was getting liver function tests every 3 months. I think there is always a risk with each and every one of these dmd's. Its such a very personal choice to take a dmd or not to take a dmd.