Smell Test to Predict Parkinson’s Disease

http://myparkinsonsinformation.com/?p=131

Imagine going to the doctors office for your annual check-up. You get the usual of weighing in, measuring your blood pressure, calculating your heart rate and then measuring your smell to see if you may have Parkinson’s disease… Doctors and researchers have known for quite a while that an impaired sense of smell may be an early indicator of Parkinson’s disease. Doctor Kapil Sethi is conducting a smell test for people who’s parents or siblings have had Parkinson’s disease.

Presently Parkinson’s disease is diagnosed through motor symptoms like tremors, stiffness, and slowness in order to diagnose it. Which, by that point 50 to 60% of dopaminergic cells have been lost. Dopamine cells are key to movement control. The smell test is being tested to see if there is a way to diagnose Parkinson’s disease at a much earlier stage so that Parkinson’s disease can possibly be stopped earlier.

Doctor Kapil Sethi, director of the Movement Disorders Program at the Medical College of Georgia and a lead investigator for the Parkinson’s Associated Risk Syndrome Study, is leading the study. The study is being conducted at 17 sites across the country. The study is trying to recruit15,00 close relatives of Parkinson’s patients.

Science Daily reports on some of the details of the study, “Patients will be given the University of Pennsylvania’s Smell Identification Test, which tests for 40 common odors and has been used to detect the first signs of neurodegenerative disorders.

People with a normal sense of smell who take the test can usually identify around 35 odors correctly. Parkinson’s patients typically can only identify 20 or less.

The study will also help determine if the smell test can also predict who will get Parkinson’s. ‘We believe that if you’re a person who is going to develop Parkinson’s, you’ll also score lower than others,’ Dr. Sethi says.”

The study is open to those 50 or older who do not have Parkinson’s but have a mother, father, child or sibling with the disease. For more information, call the MCG Movement Disorders Program at 706-721-2798 or the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders 877-401-4300.

Zinc Deficiency Signs & Symptoms
Zinc is undoubtly the most important of the trace elements. Zinc is involved in at least 70 important enzyme systems, and is involved in the synthesis of protein, bone,and nucleic acids: in fact it is required for the entire biological functioning of the human body. Zinc is therfore crucial to good health, and a deficiency can cause an incredible number of signs, symptoms and disease states.

Recently a rapid and reliable test for Zinc deficiency has been developed, which simply involves tasting a soloution of dilute Zinc sulphate. If you can't taste the metallic taste of the zinc, then this indicates that your body is deficient of zinc.

Reasons for Zinc Deficiency
Low soil level in prehistorically glaciated countries (eg Britian), overfarming without replacing zinc removed by crops, use of fertilizers high in phosphates, food refining (eg white sugar, flour, rice), meat avoidance, excessive fibre, phytic acid, calcium, phosphates/polyphosphates, sugar, coffee, alcohol, copper, cadium, diuretics, steroids, penicillamine, sweating, sex in male (1mg zinc lost in ejaculate), stress, viral infections, burns, low stomach acid, insufficient vitamin B6, psoriasis, diabetes, renal dialysis, malabsorption eg cyctic fibrosis, Crohn's disease, coeliac disease, ulcerative colitis.

There have been some interesting studies done with monkeys that indicate that a zinc deficiency can be passed from mother to child. Monkeys were fed on a low zinc diet for a period of time. Subsequently they became pregnant and their zinc-rich diet was resumed. Despite the monkey's diet returning to normal during gestation, their offspring showed a zinc deficiency. This illustrates the knock-on effect of even just a period of zinc deficiency in the diet would leave future generations deficient from birth, which required a very high zinc content diet to redress the imbalance.

For best effect, take a zinc supplement that contains some B6. We recommend Zinc + B6 (v) (90) which is available by clicking on the link.

Read down the list symptoms that could be caused by possible zinc deficiency

Key:
(Cu) Probably caused by a copper excess induced by Zinc deficiency (Copper accumlates in the body in the absence of Zinc)

(B6) Probably caused by a Vitamin B6 deficiency induced by Zinc deficiency (Zinc is required for the activation of Viatmin B6)

(A) Probably caused by a Vitamin A deficiency induced by Zinc deficiency (Zinc is necessary to release Vitamin A from the liver where it is stored)

(Cd) Probably caused by a cadium excess induced by Zinc deficiency (Cadium accumlates in the body in the absence of Zinc)


Fingernails
White spots on nails (Leukonychia)
Weak nails that peel easily (A)
Brittle nails (A)
Ultra-thin nails (can cause nail biting)
Horizontal ridges on nails (A)
Slow nail growth

Hair Scalp
Slow hair growth
Brittle hair that breaks or splits easily
limp lank hair
absence of sheen and lustre (A)
Falling hair (Cu, B6)
Premature greying or reduced pigmentation
Dandruff (B6, A)
Dry scales on scalp (A)
Oily scales on scalp (and eyebrows, around nose and behind ears) (B6)
Long coarse eyebrow hair
Sparse beard, pubic and underarm hair

Skin
Stretch marks (striae)
Cracked skin behind ears
Small cracks (fissures) in skin on fingertips
Tiny blisters on side of fingers
Oily skin (seborrhoea) (B6)
Dry, itchy skin (A)
Rough skin on backs of arms or legs (A)
Red spots at base of hairs on front of thighs (gossey skin) (A)
Small bumps in skin of side and back of upper arm (A)
Acne (A)
Boils (A)
Warts (A)
Mouth ulcers (A0
Sore tongue and mouth (B6)
Cracks around mouth and split lips (B6)
Leg ulcers (together with poor circulation)
Dermatitis
Eczema (especially around mouth, eyes, nose, vagina, and on hands)
Psoriasis (A)
Itching in the sunlight
Inability to suntan ("china doll" appearance) (B6)
Easy sunburning (B6)
Brown melanin spots on skin of face and back of hands (together with Vitamin C deficiency)
Slow wound healing
Fruity body (sweat) odour

Eyes
Poor night vision (nyctalopia) (A)
Dry eyes (xerophthalmia) (A)
Burning and itchy eyes (A)
Bloodshot eyes
Aching or tired eyes on close work or reading (A)
Eyestrain headache (A)
Inflamed eyelids (A)
Cracks around eyes (B6)

Sex Reproduction
Underdeveloped sex organs (particularly small penis) (microphallus)
Low sex drive
Impotence
Ungratifying sex in males
Reduced fertility in both sexes
Prostatitis
Enlarged prostate gland in elderly
Delayed puberty and late onset of periods
Menstrual irregularities in teenagers
Premenstrual tension (B6)
Heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia) (A)
Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (B6)
Small for dates babies
Miscarriages
Stillbirths
Early or late labour
Prolonged labour
Postnatal depression (Cu)
Difficulty sustaining lactation
Lack of maternal instincts
All girl families
Congenital defects in offspring ( A)
Failure to thrive
Infections and allergic illness in offspring (eg diarrhoea, eczema)

Childhood and Adolescence
"Growing pains" in muscles and joints (Cu)
Hyperactivity (Cu)
School phobia
Eating dirt and strange substances (pica)
Autism
Behavioural problems and learning disabilities (Cu)
Mental retardation
Delinquent and antisocial behaviour (Cu)
Reliance on narcotics (drug abuse)
Slow growth leading to small stature ( A)

Mental Symptoms
Anxiety
Tension and nervousness (Cu)
Insomnia (Cu, B6, A)
Sleepiness (B6)
Irritability (Cu, B6)
Aggression (Cu)
Depression (Cu, B6, A)
Tearfulness (Cu)
Reduced mental alertness
Inability to concentrate (Cu, B6)
Forgetfullness and amnesia
Apathy
Disperception

Miscellaneous
Poor appetite
Anorexia nervousa (Cu)
Craving for sweet foods (together with a vitamin B complex deficiency)
Poor sense of taste (hypogeusia)
Sweet tooth
Poor sense of smell (hyposmia) ( A)
Poor dream recall (B6)
Nightmares (B6)
Susceptibility to infections and cancer through shrinkage of thymus
Infections of skin and mucous membranes (eg sinuses, lungs, bladder) (A)
Susceptibility of epithelial tissue to cancer (A)
Frequent colds ( A)
Frequent cold sores
Cold hands and feet (poor circulation)
Hypothyroidism (low metabolic rate)
Fatigue and lack of energy ( A)
Stuttering (Cu)
Tooth decay
Loss of bone from tooth socket and periodontal disease eg pyorrhoea (red and retracted gums), crowded overlapping upper incisors (narrow dental arch)
Fruity odour to breath
Slow reactions
Allergies
Nasal polyps
Swelling of nasal and sinus passageways (sometimes giving rise to a swollen face and nasal twang)
Sweeling and closure of Eustachian tubes (gives rise to middle ear infections as prevents adequate drainage)
Neuralgia in arms and legs (A)
Tingling hands (B6)
Numbness or cramps in arms and legs (B6)
Carpal tunnel syndrome (B6)
Anaemia (B6)
Reactions to monosodium glutamate (Chinese restaurant syndrome) (B6)
Hypoglycaemia (B6)
Water retention (B6)
Nausea, expecially in morning (B6)
Diarrhoea
Kidney stones (calcium phosphate type) (A)
Diabetes
Epilepsy
Emphysema (Cd)
High blood pressure (Cu, Cd)
Acclerated atherosclerosis (B6, Cd)
Joint pain (expecially knee and hip)
Rheumatoid arthritis (Cu)
Menopausal arthritis (B6)
Peptic ulcers
Migraine (Cu)
Confusion in elderly and early senility (Cu)
Premature aging (Cu)
Psychosis/schizophernia (Cu, B6)


Take Zinc + B6 (v) (90) for at least 3 months to allow the zinc levels to increase.