I think it goes back to controlling diabetes. Since diabetes is the number one cause of neuropathy, and keeping it under control also keeps neuropathy under control. My brother-in-law is diabetic. For 30+ years he followed the diabetes meal plan, that was a well-balanced diet. But even following it strictly, he couldn't keep his glucose levels under control. A couple of years ago his doctor suggested he switch to a low-carb diet, and he swears it has made a big difference with both his glucose control and his neuropathy.

This does a good job of explaning the low-carb diet for diabetes:

http://lowcarbdiets.about.com/od/pre...teslowcarb.htm