Yes, my hubby broke a metatarsal bone during basic training, for Vietnam. He was in a cast for weeks! They moved him thru basic --he did not have to redo it--- and then they stuck him in a desk, which saved his life I think. He became a signal core spec. 4.
Infantry did not want him.

I know people with hairline breaks, who continued to walk on them, with much pain.

Bone scans can be better at locating damage than MRIs IMO.
It will show the bones trying to heal, etc.

There is a good site with lots of information, anatomy etc to help you visualize your foot, and what is INSIDE it:

http://www.northcoastfootcare.com/